reply China's industrial upgrading opportunities and challenges coexist in the next decade

"The 13th five-year Plan is coming to an end and the 14th five-year plan is about to begin. The biggest difference between the 14th five-year Plan and the 13th Five-Year Plan is that the external environment has changed." , vice President of the new structure of economics of Peking University institute of academic, wang yong tutors in titled "China over the next 10 years industrial upgrading of the opportunities and challenges" in the lecture analysis said that at present, China's per capita income of about $10000, in the cross on the eve of the middle-income trap, is from the high speed development of kinetic energy transition between the old and the new growth to high quality, from the developed countries are also facing the suppression effect in low-income countries and chasing effect, but different industries have different characteristics, different industry, different position in the international competition.Wang Yong said that in terms of catch-up industry, it is an industry that already exists in the economy but has a big gap between technology and international frontier level. At present, China's automobile, high-end equipment industry and high-end material industry are in this position. At this time, the government can help these industries acquire more advanced technology and RESEARCH and development level by supporting investment attraction, overseas mergers and acquisitions, and overseas r&d centers."Leading industries are those whose products and technologies are already leading or close to the highest international level, such as China's current home appliances, high-speed rail and shipbuilding industries." Wang Yong believes that leading industries must rely on independent research and development of new products and new technologies to maintain their international leading level. The government should support the basic scientific research needed for the development of new technologies and new products in leading industries, and improve the market demand through personnel training and government procurement."Lane changing and supercar industry is an emerging industry with intensive technology and capital, high demand for human capital, short r&d cycle and increasing returns to scale. At present, China's information and communication industries, such as software and mobile phones, are in this position." Wang Yong analyzed that in the development of this kind of industry, China has a huge domestic market, a large number of scientific and technological personnel, has complete production and processing capacity, can quickly turn concepts into products, and has emerged Huawei, Alibaba, Tencent and other successful enterprises. The government can provide incubators for enterprises, strengthen intellectual property protection, encourage venture capital, formulate preferential talent and tax policies, and support domestic and foreign innovative talents to start businesses.There are also strategic industries. "There are two categories, namely defence and security industries and strategic new industries. China's current large aircraft, aerospace, supercomputer industry, weapons and military equipment belong to the national defense and security industries. New energy, new materials and chips are strategic new industries." Wang said the government could support the development of new products and technologies through direct financial allocations, support its production through government procurement and promotion to other countries, support basic scientific research on related technologies, coordinate, cultivate and attract relevant talents, and provide supporting hardware and software infrastructure.To wang yong, the next 10 years China's industrial upgrading new opportunities need to grasp classification: for strategic industry, lane changing model industry, our country related enterprises will seek more reliable in geopolitical sense of strategic suppliers, for deliberately suppress the industry vulnerable to international strategic rivals, especially involving key technology innovation industry, our government must also intensify support, this is industrial investment opportunities; Industries that closely rely on new digital technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, cloud computing and big data to produce high-tech and high-performance products, as well as platform-economy industries that fully meet the demands of middle class and above consumers for personalized and high-quality services, are expected to continue to be the main source industries for unicorns. Education, medical care, old-age care and other social services have obvious weaknesses. With the help of regional policies such as the integration of the Yangtze River Delta, the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, lasting favorable investment opportunities are expected to emerge.The challenges of industrial upgrading should not be ignored. "For leading industries, quality and brand should be done well to avoid being big but not strong; The geopolitical environment in which China's strategic industries are located is becoming more and more complex. It is a big challenge to find a reliable backup plan to deal with the risk of being 'stuck in the neck'." Wang yong said that the industry needs to solve the problem of scientific research and innovation talent training and global talent recruitment.